{"id":251,"date":"2024-09-22T19:23:53","date_gmt":"2024-09-22T19:23:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/?p=251"},"modified":"2024-09-22T19:23:53","modified_gmt":"2024-09-22T19:23:53","slug":"japanese-influence-on-american-poetry-adelaide-crapsey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/?p=251","title":{"rendered":"Japanese Influence on American Poetry: Adelaide Crapsey"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Adelaide Crapsey<\/strong> (1878 \u2013 1914) invented a form called American<\/em> cinquain <\/em>based on Japanese tanka. <\/em>Instead of a syllabic form (5-7-5-7-7 in the tanka<\/em>) the cinquain<\/em> is based on stress patterns with a 1 \u2013 2 \u2013 3 – 4 \u2013 1 stress pattern. The pattern is often iambic (two syllables, with the second syllable stressed, as in Shakespeare\u2019s sonnets). \u00a0Ms. Crapsey (I think correctly) decided that English is better suited to a stress-pattern form than a syllabic form. Here\u2019s an example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Triad<\/strong>
These be
Three silent things:
The falling snow… the hour
Before the dawn… the mouth of one
Just dead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here\u2019s the stress pattern:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

These be                                                                      duh DA (1)
Three silent things:                                                    duh DA \/ duh DA (2)
The falling snow\u2026 the hour                                      duh DA \/ duh DA \/ duh DA (3)
Before the dawn\u2026 the mouth of one                     DA duh \/ duh DA \/ duh DA \/ duh DA (4)      
Just dead.                                                                    duh DA (1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

More American cinquains <\/em>by Adelaide Crapsey:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Warning<\/strong>

Just now,
Out of the strange
Still dusk . . . as strange, as still . . .
A white moth flew . . . Why am I grown
So cold?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

November Night<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Listen…
With faint dry sound,
Like steps of passing ghosts,
The leaves, frost-crisp’d, break from the trees
And fall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Susanna and the Elders<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Why do
You thus devise
Evil against her?” “For that
She is beautiful, delicate;
Therefore.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Addendum Regarding Ezra Pound:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ezra Pound (1885 \u2013 1972)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pound’s definition of the image was influenced by Chinese and Japanese poetry. His definition of the image: “that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time.” Pound is usually credited with founding the imagist \/ modernist school of poetry and bringing Chinese and Japanese poetry to the awareness of Western poets. That\u2019s probably just because Adelaide Crapsey died young of TB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pound defined the tenets of Imagist poetry as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. Direct treatment of the “thing,” whether subjective or objective.
II. To use absolutely no word that does not contribute to the presentation.
III. As regarding rhythm: to compose in sequence of the musical phrase, not in sequence of the metronome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here is Ezra Pound\u2019s most influential imagist poem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In a Station of the Metro<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              The apparition of these faces in the crowd;
              Petals on a wet, black bough.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Adelaide Crapsey (1878 \u2013 1914) invented a form called American cinquain based on Japanese tanka. Instead of a syllabic form (5-7-5-7-7 in the tanka) the cinquain is based on stress patterns with a 1 \u2013 2 \u2013 3 – 4 \u2013 1 stress pattern. The pattern is often iambic (two syllables, with the second syllable […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":252,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[154],"tags":[156,159,155,157,158,160],"class_list":["post-251","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-poetry","tag-adelaide-crapsey","tag-cinquain","tag-crapsey","tag-metrics","tag-scansion","tag-tanka"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/251","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=251"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/251\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":253,"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/251\/revisions\/253"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=251"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=251"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jgourlay.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=251"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}